Alan Farley
想要交易不知道從何開始？每年有幾百萬人進入市場，但是大多數人到離開時只是花錢買了點經驗。這些人失敗都有一個共同點：他們沒能掌握對其有利的基本技巧。花費充足的時間學習這些技巧就能使你很好的賺取短期利潤。
世界市場對投機資本的吸引就像火焰對飛蛾一樣，大多數人在不理解價格為什麼高低運動時就向裡面扔錢。然而他們卻還追逐最新消息，盲目從衆進行下註，使投資沒有任何意義。一條更好的途徑是學習如何使用技巧和權威投資，從下面五個基本概念開始。
1.了解自己
從一個自我檢查開始，仔細觀察你與金錢之間的關系。你認為生活是一個泥潭掙每一塊錢都需要不懈的努力嗎？你相信個人魅力會像在其他生命追中那樣吸引市場財富嗎？更糟糕的是，你會在其他地方虧損希望金融市場對你會溫柔些嗎？
不管你的信念是什麼樣的，市場都會從不斷的虧損和獲利中增加内部視圖。努力和魅力都能增加你在市場的成功，但是在生活其他環節的失敗者在交易遊戲中也很可能失敗。如果你是這樣的人也不要驚慌。相反，採取自助路線了解金錢和自我價值之間的關系。一旦方向正確了就進行下一步。
2.學習
大量閱讀市場書籍和網站教程，但是不要把目光集中在交易遊戲的一個單一觀點上。相反，要向每一個優秀的市場觀點和看法學習。交易就像一個旅程，終點很可能偏離你開始的預計。你豐富和詳細的市場知識隨時可用，即使你現在知道你未來的前景。
每天用你的空閑時間觀察市場。早上起床了解隔夜外匯市場價格運動。
3.學會分析
學習基本的技術分析並觀察價格圖表，越多越好。你可能認為基本面分析會提供一個更好的獲利途徑，但是交易員的生死是由潛在基本面的價格運動決定的。不要忽視公司的數據表，因為他們能提供優勢交易。但是他們卻不能幫助你平穩度過成為交易員的第一年。
4.學會預測
你對圖表和技術分析的經驗現在給你提供了預測價格的完美節奏。理論上說，價格只能向上或者向下運動，從而對多頭或者空頭操作有利。事實上，價格可以進行許多其他的方式運動，包括向一側猛烈運動或者同時向兩方劇烈波動，使空方和多方都心驚膽戰。
在這時時間週期就尤為重要了。金融市場趨勢和交易區間具有分型特性，分別在短期、中期和長期中產生不同的價格走勢。這意味著在價格在同一時間是一個長期上升趨勢、中期下降趨勢短期處於一個交易區間。不需要複雜的分析，大多數交易機會都是在這些時間間隔中產生。做空就是一個典型的例子，交易員在一個強大的上升趨勢中較低的階段賣出。檢測這三個時間框架最好使用三個時間框架觀察價格，1小時圖、日圖和週圖。
5.逐漸進步
現在是時候固定你的腳步不放棄你交易的股票的時候了。有紙交易提供一個完美的解決方案，允許新手跟從實時市場價格運動，買賣決策的理論性能能清晰記錄。使用不同的時間段和策略做很多交易，然後分析明顯的缺陷。
大多數經紀商讓客戶參與模擬交易。這有教學的好處將避免你在交易時按錯按鈕。那麼何時才能真實交易呢？沒有完美的答案，因為真實交易時很可能出現模擬交易中的缺陷，即使模擬交易結果很完美。
交易員需要同時存在貪婪和恐懼。模擬交易沒有這些情緒，這只能在真實的獲利或者虧損中經歷。事實上，這種心裡壓力是大多數新手交易員退出市場的原因。你作為新手交易員要理解這些挑戰並通過資金和自我價值解決這些問題。
管理和發展
一旦進行真實交易，你需要確定倉位和管理風險。每一個倉位都帶有一個持有時間和傾向盈利或者虧損的技術參數，要求你在達到時及時退出。現在考慮一下你持有3到5個倉位，一些對你有利其他則和你預計相反的精神和理論要求。幸運的是，只要你不被太多信息壓倒就有很多時間學習交易管理。
如果你準備沒有這麼充分，那麼現在開始每天記錄你的交易包括獲得風險的原因、持有時間和最終盈利和虧損數據。這些事件和觀察日記將會為你提供一個結束新手狀態的交易優勢。
總結
在對金融市場有一個深入的學習之後再開始交易，之後觀察圖表和價格運動，基於你的觀察建立策略。通過資金風險解決交易管理和市場心理問題完成你交易的第一步。
Learn How To Trade The Market In 5 Steps
By Alan Farley
Want to trade but don’t know where to start? Millions of neophytes try their hand at the market casino each year, but most walk away a little poorer and a lot wiser, never reaching their full potential. The majority of those who fail have one thing in common: they fail to master the basic skills needed to tilt the odds in their favor. Take adequate time to learn these and you will be well on your way to booking short-term profits.
World markets attract speculative capital like moths to a flame, with most throwing money at securities without understanding why prices move higher or lower. Instead, they chase hot tips, make binary bets and sit at the feet of gurus, letting them make buy and sell decisions that make no sense. A better path is to learn how to trade the markets with skill and authority, starting with these five basic concepts.
1. Know Thyself
Start with a self-examination that takes a close look at your relationship with money. Do you view life as a struggle, with hard effort required to earn each dollar? Do you believe that personal magnetism will attract market wealth to you in the same way it does in other life pursuits? More ominously, have you lost money on a regular basis through other activities and hope the financial markets will treat you more kindly?
Whatever your belief system, the market is likely to reinforce that internal view over and over again through profits and losses. Hard work and charisma both support financial success, but losers in other walks of life are likely to turn into losers in the trading game. Don’t panic if this sounds like you. Instead, take the self-help route and learn about the relationship between money and self-worth. Continue to the next step once you get your head on straight.
2. Get An Education
Read market books and website tutorials, lots of them, but don’t focus too narrowly on one single aspect of the trading game. Instead, study everything market-wise, including ideas and concepts you don’t feel are particularly relevant at this time. Trading launches a journey that often winds up at a destination not anticipated at the starting line. Your broad and detailed market background will come in handy over and over again, even if you think you know exactly where you’re going right now.
Start to follow the market every day in your spare time. Get up early and read about overnight price action on foreign markets. U.S. traders didn’t have to monitor world markets a couple of decades ago, but that’s all changed due to the rapid growth of electronic trading and derivative instruments that link equity, forex and bond markets around the world.
3. Learn To Analyze
Study the basics of technical analysis and look at price charts, thousands of them, in all time frames. You may think fundamental analysis offers a better path to profits because it tracks growth curves and revenue streams, but traders live and die by price action that diverges sharply from underlying fundamentals. Do not stop reading company spreadsheets, because they offer a trading edge over those who ignore them. However, they won’t help you survive your first year as a trader.
4. Learn To Predict
Your experience with charts and technical analysis now brings you into the magical realm of price prediction. Theoretically, securities can only go higher or lower, encouraging a long-side trade or a short sale. In reality, prices can do many other things, including chopping sideways for weeks at a time or whipsawing violently in both directions, shaking out buyers and sellers.
The time horizon becomes extremely important at this juncture. Financial markets grind out trends and trading ranges with fractal properties that generate independent price movements at short-term, intermediate- and long-term intervals. This means a security or index can carve out a long-term uptrend, intermediate downtrend and a short-term trading range, all at the same time.
Rather than complicate prediction, most trading opportunities will unfold through interactions between these time intervals. Buying the dip offers a classic example, with traders jumping into a strong uptrend when it sells off in a lower period. The best way to examine this three-dimensional playing field is to look at each security in three time frames, starting with 60-minute, daily and weekly charts.
5. Take Baby Steps
It’s now time to get your feet wet without giving up your trading stake. Paper trading offers a perfect solution, allowing the neophyte to follow real-time market actions, making buying and selling decisions that form the outline of a theoretical performance record. Make lots of trades, using different holding periods and strategies, and then analyze the results for obvious flaws.
Most brokers let clients engage in paper trading with their real money entry systems. This has the added benefit of teaching the software so you don’t hit the wrong buttons when you are playing with family funds. So when do you make the switch and start trading with real money? There’s no perfect answer because simulated trading carries a flaw that’s likely to show up whenever you start to trade for real, even if your paper results look perfect.
Traders need to co-exist peacefully with the twin emotions of greed and fear. Paper trading doesn’t engage these emotions, which can only be experienced by actual profit and loss. In fact, this psychological aspect forces more first-year players out of the game than bad decision-making. Your baby steps forward as a new trader need to recognize this challenge and address remaining issues with money and self-worth.
Manage and Prosper
Once up and running with real money, you need to address position and risk management. Each position carries a holding period and technical parameters that favor profit and loss targets, requiring your timely exit when reached. Now consider the mental and logistical demands when you’re holding three to five positions at a time, with some moving in your favor while others charge in the opposite direction. Fortunately, there’s plenty of time to learn all aspects of trade management, as long as you don’t overwhelm yourself with too much information.
If you haven’t done so already, now is the time to start a daily journal that documents all of your trades, including the reasons for taking risk, as well as the holding periods and final profit or loss numbers. This diary of events and observations sets the foundation for a trading edge that will end your novice status and let you to take money out of the market on a consistent basis.
The Bottom Line
Start your trading journey with a deep education on the financial markets, and then read charts and watch price actions, building strategies based on your observations. Test these strategies with paper trading, while analyzing results and making continuous adjustments. Complete the first leg of your journey with monetary risk that forces you to address trade management and market psychology issues.
本文翻譯由兄弟財經提供
文章來源：http://www.investopedia.com/articles/active-trading/090815/learn-how-trade-market-5-steps.asp