交易心理

交易中最大的敵人就是你自己。只有當你學會控制自己的情緒，成功才會到來。埃德溫•勒菲弗《股票作手回憶錄》（1923年）提到的建議在今天仍然適用。

1. 謹慎

興奮（害怕錯失入場機會）經常誘使我們在趨勢確認前提前交易。在下降的大趨勢中，在成功反轉之前，可能出現一系列的多空對峙（不斷的反轉失敗）。同樣的，盈利帶來的愉悅感通常會使我們不能及時的發覺趨勢的反轉。

2. 耐心

只交易時機到來之前，靜等入場機會。有時候持場外觀望的態度是更加明智的。

3. 確認

對自己的判斷要有信心。當你看到趨勢正在減弱，採取措施保護你的盈利，而不能讓害怕影響你的判斷力。趨勢很有可能將繼續攀升。

4. 超然

把註意力放在技術領域而不是時刻關註著資金損益。如果你的交易是建立在正確的技術分析之上，那麼盈利是遲早的事。不要讓自己的情緒被市場波動牽制，也不要因為短期的盈利而興奮。如果你持續幾個小時緊盯屏幕並不斷的關註價格走勢，那麼只能說明你對自己的交易策略沒有信心，這很有可能讓你遭受損失。

5. 關註

關註較大的時間框架，不要試圖去抓住每一個短期的價格波動。盈利最多的單子都是跟隨著大趨勢。

6. 意外隨時都會發生

投資涉及可能性——而不是確定性。沒有人可以一直準確的預測市場走勢。避免賭徒邏輯。

7. 盈利總體上升而不是下降

如果你在價格走勢不利於你時加倉，那麼你就很有可能擴大自己的損失。價格一旦確認向哪一方移動，就很有可能繼續下去。只有當市場確認你做單方向之後再逐漸加倉。

8. 限制你的損失

利用止損保護你的資金。當止損被觸發，要毫不猶豫的平倉離開。你所犯的最大錯誤就是一直持有虧損單子，並希望價格回升。通常，股價下降之後就很難再回到你所期待的水平。最終，等待你的只有爆倉（強制性的抽走你的資金）。

人性本來就是這樣：大部分投資者開始時忽略了這些規則。這會是他們學到的一個昂貴的教訓。控制你的情緒，不要讓隨波主流。做出與技術分析一致的決定。

Trading Psychology
Your biggest enemy, when trading, is within yourself. Success will only come when you learn to control your emotions. Edwin Lefevre's Reminiscences of a Stock Operator (1923) offers advice that still applies today.
1. Caution
Excitement (and fear of missing an opportunity) often persuade us to enter the market before it is safe to do so. After a down-trend a number of rallies may fail before one eventually carries through. Likewise, the emotional high of a profitable trade may blind us to signs that the trend is reversing.
2. Patience
Wait for the right market conditions before trading. There are times when it is wise to stay out of the market and observe from the sidelines.
3. Conviction
Have the courage of your convictions: Take steps to protect your profits when you see that a trend is weakening, but sit tight and don't let fear of losing part of your profit cloud your judgment. There is a good chance that the trend will resume its upward climb.
4. Detachment
Concentrate on the technical aspects rather than on the money. If your trades are technically correct, the profits will follow.

Stay emotionally detached from the market. Avoid getting caught up in the short-term excitement. Screen-watching is a tell-tale sign: if you continually check prices or stare at charts for hours it is a sign that you are unsure of your strategy and are likely to suffer losses.
5. Focus
Focus on the longer time frames and do not try to catch every short-term fluctuation. The most profitable trades are in catching the large trends.
6. Expect the unexpected
Investing involves dealing with probabilities — not certainties. No one can predict the market correctly every time. Avoid gamblers' logic.
7. Average up - not down
If you increase your position when price goes against you, you are liable to compound your losses. When price starts to move it is likely to continue in that direction. Rather increase your exposure when the market proves you right and moves in your favor.
8. Limit your losses
Use stop-losses to protect your funds. When the stop loss is triggered, act immediately — don't hesitate.

The biggest mistake you can make is to hold on to falling stocks, hoping for a recovery. Falling stocks have a habit of declining way below what you expected them to. Eventually you are forced to sell, decimating your capital.
Human nature being what it is, most traders and investors ignore these rules when they first start out. It can be an expensive lesson.
Control your emotions and avoid being swept along with the crowd. Make consistent decisions based on sound technical analysis.

本文翻譯由兄弟財經提供

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